Archive for July, 2012

What to Do When You Inherit a Retirement Account

Monday, July 30th, 2012

As an estate planning lawyer in Orange County, I am often asked to help people who inherit a retirement account.  The action you need to take with an inherited IRA depends upon your unique situation; the IRS has rules for each and recently announced that they will be cracking down on taxpayers who make mistakes with inherited IRAs.  Here are some inherited IRA scenarios and options for each:

If the account you inherit was a 401(k) or traditional IRA and the decedent was at least 70 ½ years old:  Contact the financial institution that holds the account to determine if the decedent had already taken the required minimum distribution for the year they died.  If they did not, you will need to do so.

If you are the spouse of the deceased account owner:  You can roll an inherited IRA into your own IRA to postpone taking distributions until you turn 70 ½.  If you take distributions before you turn 59 ½, you may be subject to early withdrawal penalties.  You can also leave it where it is and postpone taking the required minimum distribution until your deceased spouse would have turned 70 ½.

If you are not the spouse:  You must first re-title the account to name you as the beneficiary.  You will then be required to start taking required minimum distributions, which can be stretched out over your lifetime, beginning by Dec. 31 of the year following the death of the account owner.

If there are secondary beneficiaries:  You have the option of disclaiming the inherited account, which will allow it to pass directly to the secondary beneficiaries.  This is usually done to avoid creditors or to minimize income or estate taxes.

If there are multiple beneficiaries:  You are allowed to split the account into separate IRAs for each beneficiary.

These are only general guidelines; it’s important that you consult a professional for specific information about what to do in your individual situation.  If you’d like to learn more about how to treat inherited IRAs or have other estate planning questions, call our office today to schedule a time for us to sit down and talk. We normally charge $750 for a Family Wealth Planning Session, but because this planning is so important, I’ve made space for the next two people who mention this article to have a complete planning session at no charge. Call today and mention this article.


How to Correctly Name Beneficiaries for Your IRAs

Monday, July 30th, 2012

You could be unintentionally reducing your family’s wealth potential if you do not properly designate the beneficiaries of your IRAs.  Improper estate planning could mean that your IRA assets could pass to the wrong people or entities, so how you execute your beneficiary designations is critically important.

Here are some of the steps that need to be taken to properly name IRA beneficiaries:

Spouse:  A surviving spouse can either roll the funds into his or her existing IRA or establish an inherited IRA and take distributions that will be calculated based on his or her life expectancy.

Children:  Just like spouses, children can stretch required distributions from an inherited IRA over their own life expectancies.

Trusts:  A trust can be named a beneficiary of an inherited IRA, but there are a number of complex issues involved, so be sure to consult with a Morgan Law Group attorney in Orange County for guidance.

Contingent beneficiaries:  A surviving spouse may wish to disclaim interest in an inherited IRA, so the assets can pass to children or grandchildren.  Therefore, it is important to name secondary as well as primary beneficiaries for your IRA so assets remain within the control of your family.

If you’d like to learn more about how to properly designate retirement accounts or other financial assets for loved ones or have other estate planning questions, call our office today to schedule a time for us to sit down and talk. We normally charge $750 for a Family Wealth Planning Session, but because this planning is so important, I’ve made space for the next two people who mention this article to have a complete planning session at no charge. Call today and mention this article.


What a Will Won’t Do

Thursday, July 26th, 2012

There are a number of essential things a last will and testament can do for you, such as distribute family heirlooms and name a guardian for minor children, but there are some equally important things a will won’t do:

Diminish estate taxes – a will won’t help you decrease your estate taxes, but your Morgan Law Group attorney can advise you on what kind of trust instruments can accomplish this for you.

Provide long-term care – if you want to provide for someone with special needs or a person with long-term care needs, you will need to establish a trust or invest in a life insurance policy.

Distribute some types of property – to distribute assets from a retirement or investment account or the proceeds of a life insurance policy, you must execute the proper beneficiary designation forms, which supersede instructions in a will.  If you own property jointly with someone else, your will won’t allow you to distribute that property.

Provide for pets – since pets cannot legally own property, you will either need to establish a pet trust or designate a caretaker and provide funds for the care of your pet after you are gone.

If you’d like to learn more about wills, living wills, advance health care directives, Power of Attorney for Health Care designations or any other aspects of estate planning, call our office today to schedule a time for us to sit down and talk. We normally charge $750 for a Family Wealth Planning Session, but because this planning is so important, I’ve made space for the next two people who mention this article to have a complete planning session at no charge. Call today and mention this article.


Planning Operating Expenses into Your Wills and Trusts Administration In Orange County

Thursday, July 26th, 2012

When working with a wills and trusts administration lawyer here in Orange County, there are certain things you likely already have in mind.  For example, you may want to set up trusts to avoid tax pitfalls or to create a will which clearly outlines what is to happen to your property upon your death.  Many people completely overlook the fact that the estate itself will have operating costs associated with it, and these need to be planned for, as well.

One example is that of your home.  Perhaps you plan to have the house sold so your heirs can split the proceeds.  This can be a great idea, but who pays for taxes, basic utilities, etc. while the house is on the market?  Another consideration is one in which  your life insurance policy may not pay out immediately.  How does a surviving spouse pay his or her living expenses during this time?  Wills and trusts administration doesn’t generally happen overnight, so it’s important to have some sort of plan in place for the interim period.

When planning your estate in Orange County, here are a few key expenses to keep in mind:

  • Expenses for surviving children
  • Ongoing debts
  • Lawyer’s fees
  • Court costs and probate fees
  • Income tax on money earned while the estate is being settled

Working with an Orange County wills and trusts administration lawyer will help you better prepare for how these and other costs will be covered when the time comes.  Many estates are made up mostly of assets which don’t include a lot of cash.  So, it may be necessary for certain assets to be sold off in order to cover other costs.  Rushing to sell assets in this way (or to secure a loan against them) can cause a number of problems for your heirs.  They will likely not get full value for items and will create more debt for themselves and/or the estate.

There are some ways to prepare for this and protect your loved ones.  Your wills and trusts administration lawyer will have some good suggestions to offer, some of which might include:

  • Sell assets now or in the near future when their value is high
  • Open a separate life insurance policy which is intended to cover administrative costs
  • Determine how costs will come out of your family’s inheritance

Keep in mind, it is common to provide compensation to the executor of your will.  You may have other expenses to consider, such as providing money to someone to care for your pets after you have passed away.  Again, a wills and trusts administration lawyer in Orange County can help you identify what kinds of costs are likely to come up and he or she will offer advice on how best to prepare for them.


What Happens If My Heir Dies Before I Do in Orange County?

Thursday, July 26th, 2012

In the majority of estate plans in Orange County, the heirs are pretty clearly outlined.  Typically speaking, spouses and children are the most commonly listed heirs.  Choosing children as heirs to your inheritance makes sense.  After all, most people want their life’s hard work to go toward the betterment of their children’s lives.  Due to age differences, children will usually outlive their parents, as well.

But, what happens when you outlive an heir?  What becomes of the inheritance you wanted to be passed on to him or her?

If You Don’t Have a Will or Trust

The answer depends on what kind of estate planning you have (or have not) done so far.  For example, if you don’t have a will or trust in place, then you are likely to have little say in what becomes of your assets upon your death.  Instead, your estate will go into probate, and the state of California will disseminate your assets based upon the law.  The courts will determine your “heirs at law,” which it uses to give your assets to your closest blood relatives.

Of course, this can pose some problems in a modern culture where we have so many blended families.  For example, part of your estate might go to a half-sibling due to blood ties, instead of to step-children whom you raised as if they were your own.  Worse yet, if your spouse leaves his or her estate to you and you pass away without having done the appropriate estate planning, whatever is left would go to your blood relatives and not to those of the spouse.

In this case, if your intended heir dies before you do, it won’t make much difference, as he or she just won’t be considered in the probate process.

If You Have Estate Planning Documents

If you have put together your will and/or trusts, then you will have named beneficiaries.  This is where the question of “what happens if my heir dies before I do” really comes into play.  If you survive one of your children, then who gets his or her share when you die?

The best way to resolve this kind of question is to work with your estate planning attorney in Orange County from the beginning to name alternate beneficiaries.  That way, if one heir is unable to claim inheritance, there is a plan in place for what should become of it.  You will likely also want to choose an alternate executor for the same type of reasons.

Unfortunately, many estate planning attorneys will overlook the importance of naming alternate heirs.  Instead, they may just rely upon the idea of “heirs at law” as described above.  You may be comfortable with this approach, but if not, it’s a good idea to bring it up to your attorney to make sure you are able to set up a workable solution which is within California state and Federal laws.


Elder Law Concerns: How to Hire a Home Healthcare Provider

Tuesday, July 24th, 2012

Many of our older estate planning clients wish to remain in their own homes for as long as possible.  With the advances in medications, treatments, and home healthcare options, this wish can be granted more and more frequently.  Whether you are looking for a home healthcare provider for yourself or a loved one, here are some great guidelines to follow:

  1. Determine the level of care that will be needed.  This is going to affect many of your other decisions.  For example, are you or your loved one dealing with a specific ailment?  If so, it may be preferable to choose a provider or agency with experience in that field.  Additionally, do you need round-the-clock care, someone to come a few hours a day, or something else entirely?  There are even adult daycare programs that can provide an outlet for social activities and certain therapies, and these can be used on their own or in conjunction with a home healthcare provider.  You may wish to ask your elder lawyer for a list of possible facilities in the Orange County area.
  2. Decide if you want to hire someone on your own or if you want to go through an agency.  There are advantages and disadvantages to both options.  If you choose to do it on your own, you will likely have more say in who will be providing the direct care, as well as what services he or she will provide.  On the other hand, an agency will be able to screen applicants thoroughly and can handle payroll and other paperwork for you.
  3. Ascertain how you will pay for the home healthcare services.  An estate planning attorney can point you toward a variety of resources, depending upon what your needs are.  You or your loved one may have long-term care insurance set up for just this situation, or you may be looking to Medicare and/or Medicaid to assist with the costs.

Choosing a home healthcare provider is a big job.  Breaking it down into more manageable objectives can help keep you moving forward without getting too bogged down over what to do next.  At any point in the process, an experienced estate planning and elder lawyer will be able to offer practical advice and suggestions.

 


4 Legal Documents To Amend After Your Divorce in Orange County

Tuesday, July 24th, 2012

The high divorce rate in California and beyond has some interesting ramifications for estate planning lawyers.  While your will, trust, and medical directives may not be the first things that come to mind during the often heart-wrenching process of divorce, they are something that truly needs to be considered.

‘Til Death Do Us Part

You undoubtedly meant this vow seriously when you made it, but we all know that circumstances change.  Unfortunately, if you don’t make it happen, your will and other estate planning documents do not change right along.  It may seem obvious that you would not want your ex-spouse to be the executor of your will or to handle the dispersal of your assets, but if that’s what your will directs, then that is exactly what must legally happen.

Even if you haven’t been married for years, if your will, healthcare directives, power of attorney, etc. still list your ex in an authority position, then he or she is still designated to take on that role.  This can become quite tricky in situations where the divorce was not amicable.

Another problem can arise if the ex-spouse remarries.  If you haven’t updated your estate planning documents after the divorce, then it’s likely that your former spouse, rather than your children, will still be the main beneficiary.  If he or she has remarried and then passes away, your assets can then pass to the new spouse and his or her children!  This is not a scenario that many parents want to consider, but it definitely happens.

The Big Four

Even as the ink is drying on the divorce decree, it is in your best interest to update at least these four estate planning documents:

  • Last Will and Testament – Again, you likely don’t want your ex-spouse to be in charge of your affairs upon your death.  It is a good idea to name a new executor and rethink who your beneficiaries should be.  If you have any trusts set up, it is time to amend them, as well.
  • Powers of Attorney – These types of legal documents determine who will be in charge of things such as your finances should you become unable to take care of them yourself.  Many people would shudder at the very idea of their exes having control over paying their bills, meeting their living expenses, etc.  The power of attorney gives the named party significant financial power, and it is generally wise to revoke that as soon as possible.
  • Healthcare Directives – Your healthcare directives name the party who you have designated to make medical decisions on your behalf if you are not able to do so yourself.  Your ex-spouse would be responsible for making life-or-death decisions for you.  If you have a living will, the spouse may also be named in that, so be sure to update it, too.
  • Beneficiary Designations – Most insurance policies, bank accounts, etc. include the designation of a beneficiary.  This is the person who receives all or some of the money from that policy or account upon your death.  It is easy to forget about these things, but if you don’t update them after the divorce, your money will legally belong to your ex-spouse.

If you live in Orange County then you will want to work with a local estate planning lawyer upon your divorce to ensure that you are getting your affairs set up to match your new life.  Give our office a call and ask if you qualify for a free Family Wealth Planning Session with the mention of this article to ensure your documents are properly amended and your post-divorce ducks are in a row.

 

 


AVOIDING INHERITANCE CONFLICTS | Orange County Trust Attorney

Tuesday, July 24th, 2012

When your inevitable day comes, your surviving loved ones will grieve for you. Each of them will deal with the loss of you in their own unique way. There will be days, months and years often filled with emotion and conflicts among and between your surviving loved ones. Unfortunately, this can often lead to family battles over personal belongings and other similar inheritance conflicts. Any planning that can be implemented today to alleviate such pain to your surviving loved ones must be considered by you.

Greed and pettiness appear at first blush to be the cause of most inheritance conflicts. However, a closer examination of inheritance conflicts reveals that they are actually signs of the survivors’ deep desire to feel connected and important to you. Studies have found that the battles for dad’s watch or mom’s wedding ring are not just about the material items, but rather what these items symbolize to surviving loved ones, i.e., how important they were to you and how much you loved them.

When families fight about inheritance, money and greed are rarely the cause of the conflict. Most of the time, the source of the conflict can be traced back for years, even back to childhood. As an elder in your family, you probably already know what conflicts exist among your loved ones. The last thing that you would ever want to leave for your surviving loved ones is additional fuel for any existing ongoing conflicts.

Unless you elect to be proactive, upon your death your loved ones could be entrenched in a long inheritance conflict lasting for years and costing thousands of dollars. However, with careful planning, you can avoid the inheritance conflicts among your loved ones. After all, the reason why you plan for your death is not for you, but for those whom you love the most.

This is why you need to seek the advice of an Orange County trust attorney on what is fair and customary. We use our legal training and knowledge to document your wishes while being sensitive to the needs of those left behind. You should consider mending fences while your loved ones are still alive, and implement estate planning that leaves a legacy of love — not of conflicts. We can assist you in these goals and protect your loved ones from predators within and without the family who are most likely to manipulate and abuse your surviving loved ones. In short, we can make a difference.

With your instruction to us regarding the importance of family, money and personal belongings, we will work with you to formulate an estate plan that addresses your family dynamics and wealth so that inheritance conflict is avoided upon your death.

Now is the time to talk with an Orange County Trust and Estates Attorney who can guide you and help you formulate a strategy to avoid inheritance conflicts. To help you obtain the insight and planning you need provide for your loved ones, we are waiving our usual ($750) Family Wealth Planning Session fee. Please come and see us right away because planning can take time. Hurry in and see us.


Newport Beach Will Lawyer Asks, “Who Would you Rather Be?”

Tuesday, July 24th, 2012

Scenario #1

Jason’s mom has to go for hip replacement surgery. She is in extreme pain and the surgery is the only thing that might help. She is 85 years old and has had heart problems for years. She knows that she has executed a Health Care Directive, but has no idea where it is. She tries to remember and through the pain and somewhat of a fog due to the painkillers she’s self-administering (and not clearly remembering when she took the last one), she and Jason search for the document. It gets to be time to go to the hospital and they still have not found the document. Jason’s mom undergoes the surgery without a Health Care Directive in her medical chart.

Scenario #2

Jane’s dad has cancer. He had surgery and is undergoing chemotherapy. He gives Jane a legal document naming her the Successor Trustee to his Revocable Living Trust (he is currently the Trustee) and provides instructions for how she is to administer the funds in the trust to take care the family. Jane takes the opportunity to request that she no longer be one of his Health Care Agents. Her feelings about removing someone from life support have changed and she feels that she will have difficulty following his wishes in that regard. They agree her father’s best friend would be a better choice.

Would you rather be Jason or Jane?

Both are facing the mortality of a parent. Jason has undergone a fruitless, frustrating search for his mother’s documents while noticing that she’s a little “out of it” due to the extreme pain and her self-medicating. While he waits, he is faced by the uncertainty of what happens if there are complications during the surgery due to his mother’s heart condition.

On the other hand, Jane feels her father’s love in his actions of showing how he wants her to take care of the family as successor trustee. She also expresses her love for her father and her family by sharing that she does not feel that she will be comfortable fulfilling his wishes as his Health Care Agent.

What can else can we take away from these scenarios?

 

  1. Know where your documents are kept and tell close family members so that they can be found when needed. Ask close family members where their documents are kept. If Jason had been told earlier where the “Important Papers” were kept, his mother would not have had to try to remember through the pain and medications. While your Will should be secure, such as in a fire safe, your other documents need only be in safe place. Too often a stack of “important papers” in an envelope from a lawyer’s office gets put in a “decide later” pile. To help our clients with this, we put their documents in a binder that can be kept on a bookshelf.
  1. NOW is the time – later can be too late. In the case of an accident or sudden illness, there is no time for remembering, searching, or informing your loved ones of the location of your documents. Without a plan, each family member’s understanding of your wishes can be fertile ground for arguments. We help our clients develop a documented plan that helps avoid and prevent family arguments, leaving a legacy of peace to their family.
  1. Planning is a gift of love and an opportunity to define what you want to leave behind. Planning shows that you care what happens with your family. But in addition to taking care of your assets and guardian choices, your loved ones will most likely want to remember who you were and your special qualities. We help our clients preserve their personal stories, values and family traditions so that your loved ones have something tangible to remember the most important aspects of your life.

If you’d like to learn more about Health Care Proxy Directives and estate planning, call our office today to schedule a time for us to sit down and talk. We normally charge $750 for a Family Wealth Planning Session, but because of the importance of medical directives and proxies, I’ve made space for the next two people who mention this article to have a complete planning session at no charge. Call today and mention this article.

 

 


Preparing For Tax Increases Under The Affordable Health Care Act

Tuesday, July 10th, 2012

Now that the health care law has been declared constitutional, the remaining provisions will be going into effect. One little known provision is a new 3.8% investment income surtax, also called the health care surtax or the Medicare tax; it will go into effect on January 1, 2013.[1]

This new surtax will be assessed on the lesser of a) net investment income or b) the excess of modified adjusted gross income (MAGI) over the “threshold amount.” For married taxpayers filing jointly, the threshold amount is $250,000; married filing separately, $125,000; all other individual taxpayers, $200,000. For trusts and estates, it is the beginning of the top income tax bracket ($11,650 in 2012).

Stated another way: 1) If your modified adjusted gross income (MAGI) is less than or equal to the threshold amount that applies to you, you will not pay this tax. 2) If your modified adjusted gross income (MAGI) is greater than the threshold amount that applies to you, you will pay the 3.8% tax on the lesser of a) your net investment income or b) the amount of your MAGI over the threshold amount.

Note that the surtax liability is determined on income before any tax deductions are considered. That means your deductions could put you in the lowest income tax bracket, yet you could still have investment income that is subject to the surtax. Also, the capital gain rate is scheduled to increase for high-income taxpayers to 20% in 2013, so the total tax on capital gains (with the surtax) could be 23.8% in 2013 and beyond.

The good news is that there are some steps you can take this year to help you avoid or reduce the amount of surtax beginning in 2013. Also, 2012 is an exceptional year for estate planning in general. The federal estate tax exemption is $5.12 million, which allows a married couple to transfer as much as $10.24 million from their estate with no estate tax. Under current law, this exemption is scheduled to shrink to $1 million in 2013. Other Bush tax cuts, including income and capital gain taxes, are set to expire at the end of 2012. With the new 3.8% surtax becoming effective in January, 2013 is on track to have the highest tax rates we have seen in years.

Now, more than ever, you need the assistance of experienced professionals to advise you and help you implement the best plan for you and your family. I stand ready to assist you.

 


[1] The content of this letter is adapted in part from information provided by the nationally recognized tax professionals at Keebler & Associates. For more information please visit their website at http://www.keeblerandassociates.com. The full text of the Health Care Act is available online at http://www.healthcare.gov/law/full/index.html, with the relevant provisions beginning at Section 1411 at page 946.


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